TY - JOUR AU - Safi, Nigar AU - Asadov, Kliment AU - Zeynalova, Shalala K. AU - Gasanov, Eldar AU - Javadov, Natig PY - 2017/05/02 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - The prevalence of rabies cases in the territory of Azerbaijan, January 2015-June 2016 JF - Online Journal of Public Health Informatics JA - OJPHI VL - 9 IS - 1 SE - One Health DO - 10.5210/ojphi.v9i1.7756 UR - https://ojphi.org/ojs/index.php/ojphi/article/view/7756 SP - AB - <div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 284.47px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08117);" data-canvas-width="56.563006734006734">Objective</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 297.73px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.959012);" data-canvas-width="337.15672996633">to show the instability of an epizootic situation on rabies cases</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 312.511px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.9738);" data-canvas-width="350.86025538720526">of animals in the Republic of Azerbaijan, on the example of the</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 327.292px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01967);" data-canvas-width="349.68049831649813">cases analysis in Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 342.073px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00125);" data-canvas-width="183.19529124579128">(EIDSS) electronic reporting system</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 370.201px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.11744);" data-canvas-width="73.28565488215487">Introduction</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 383.461px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03358);" data-canvas-width="336.58381279461264">Rabies is an infectious disease which was and remains to be one</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 398.242px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01117);" data-canvas-width="349.3777065656566">of the most serious diseases of all species of hematothermal animals</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 413.023px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.990216);" data-canvas-width="348.6879444444444">and humans, in many regions of the world. The epizootic situation on</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 427.804px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01816);" data-canvas-width="349.5862685185185">rabies in the Republic of Azerbaijan has been unfavorable for many</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 442.585px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01652);" data-canvas-width="349.39529612794604">years, which is confirmed by scientific data and the veterinary cases</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 457.366px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.949179);" data-canvas-width="349.9305213804712">reporting in the EIDSS system. This system was introduced in the</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 472.148px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01566);" data-canvas-width="349.4719363636362">country in 2009 and is the electronic System of disease control. The</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 486.929px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.976314);" data-canvas-width="350.7245644781145">program allows to provide monitoring and prevention of diseases</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 501.71px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00747);" data-canvas-width="349.1402474747473">within the concept “One World - One Health System” by integration</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 516.491px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04165);" data-canvas-width="350.15164730639725">of systems of observation of animal diseases, human diseases, and</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 531.272px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00125);" data-canvas-width="80.23353198653199">disease carriers.</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 559.4px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.0727);" data-canvas-width="51.65049326599326">Methods</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 572.659px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04142);" data-canvas-width="336.6403506734006">On the basis of the data on rabies cases entered in special forms</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 587.44px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.968343);" data-canvas-width="350.03982794612784">and also aggregative data collected on anti-rabies vaccination, the</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 602.222px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01787);" data-canvas-width="349.57119175084165">analysis of information on quantity of cases and their prevalence on</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 617.003px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02176);" data-canvas-width="349.764676936027">administrative and territorial units (rayons) of the country is carried</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 631.784px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.979176);" data-canvas-width="350.77356397306386">out. The graphical analysis (charts and the map) on the basis of</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 646.565px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.980587);" data-canvas-width="348.59874023569034">necessary criteria are constituted in the analyses module, visualization</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 661.346px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00642);" data-canvas-width="293.80851010101">of the AVR reporting and in the Microsoft Excel program.</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 689.474px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08437);" data-canvas-width="45.38107070707071">Results</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 702.733px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04305);" data-canvas-width="338.93830134680127">The analysis of the rabies cases confirmed at the Virology</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 717.515px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00929);" data-canvas-width="351.14797037037056">department of the Republican Veterinary Laboratory shows that</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 732.296px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04914);" data-canvas-width="349.73075420875404">rabies has been identified in 36 cases in 2015, 25 cases in January</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 747.077px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.965);" data-canvas-width="350.7936663299663">- June, 2016, in total 61 cases has been registered for the period</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 761.858px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.966252);" data-canvas-width="350.1051606060608">of “January 2015 – June 2016”. An epizootologically unfavorable</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 776.639px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00789);" data-canvas-width="349.218144107744">situation is revealed in 27 regions. The most unfavorable situation is</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 791.42px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.973828);" data-canvas-width="348.2570001683501">the northwest regions of the country, the most part of which is covered</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 806.201px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02394);" data-canvas-width="349.7935740740739">with mountainy-forest area with domination of wild fauna. Specific</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 820.983px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03299);" data-canvas-width="349.85639393939397">structure of animals: dogs – 31 cases in 19 areas (51%), cattle – 21</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 835.764px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.956864);" data-canvas-width="350.4355930976432">cases in 12 areas (34%), a small cattle-1 case (2%), wild animals</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 850.545px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03576);" data-canvas-width="349.70562626262637">(specify types) - 8 cases in 8 areas (13%) that is visually shown on</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 865.326px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00088);" data-canvas-width="302.5153434343434">charts 1 and 2. The cattle were bitten by wolves and jackals.</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 893.453px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.10256);" data-canvas-width="75.39640235690236">Conclusions</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 906.713px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.958572);" data-canvas-width="337.04993619528625">Thus, prevalence of rabies cases of different species of animals</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 921.494px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03614);" data-canvas-width="349.9028806397306">in the country, once again proves natural and focal character of the</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 936.275px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00363);" data-canvas-width="349.12768350168335">disease: the reservoir of rabies is in the wild nature and geographical</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 951.057px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00118);" data-canvas-width="194.0128720538721">conditions impact the spread of rabies.</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 965.838px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02464);" data-canvas-width="338.62545841750807">Cases of rabies in animals are registered annually. In 2015,</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 980.619px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.991969);" data-canvas-width="351.12409882154884">vaccination captured about 250000 dogs, and 244400 dogs were</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 995.4px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.946049);" data-canvas-width="350.19562121212135">vaccinated in the first 6 months of 2016. Despite a huge group of</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 1010.18px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01123);" data-canvas-width="351.2861740740739">vaccinations, restriction of rabies spread isn’t observed and the</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 1024.96px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995966);" data-canvas-width="348.8701220538718">tendency is trending to the increase of rabies case indicators amongst</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 1039.74px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00041);" data-canvas-width="45.36850673400672">the dogs.</div><div style="left: 93.1212px; top: 1054.52px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02587);" data-canvas-width="336.46696784511784">It is necessary to pay close attention to preventive vaccination of</div><div style="left: 79.8182px; top: 1069.31px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03343);" data-canvas-width="350.1089297979794">domestic (including non-productive) animals. If materiel resources</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 282.949px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03261);" data-canvas-width="349.86518872053864">are available, it is possible to carry out the vaccination of the cattle</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 297.73px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03205);" data-canvas-width="349.6943186868689">in the territories adjacent to the forests. In the threatened territories</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 312.511px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04175);" data-canvas-width="350.06369949494905">with woodlands, there is no alternative to oral vaccinations, which</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 327.292px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03617);" data-canvas-width="349.6553703703702">is confirmed by positive experience of many countries. There is an</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 342.073px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00683);" data-canvas-width="349.2194005050506">extreme need of carrying out of oral vaccination of wild carnivorous</div><div style="left: 452.303px; top: 356.855px; font-size: 12.564px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00089);" data-canvas-width="269.42183838383835">animals with obligatory control of the immune status.</div> ER -