TY - JOUR AU - Chang, Hwa-Gan AU - Griffin, Jacqueline AU - DiDonato, Charlie AU - Tice, Cori AU - Backenson, Byron PY - 2017/05/02 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - An Integrated Mosquito Surveillance Module in New York State JF - Online Journal of Public Health Informatics JA - OJPHI VL - 9 IS - 1 SE - Information system adoption, utilization, and flexibility DO - 10.5210/ojphi.v9i1.7632 UR - https://ojphi.org/ojs/index.php/ojphi/article/view/7632 SP - AB - <div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 337.66px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08186);" data-canvas-width="63.1985303030303">Objective</div><div style="left: 104.045px; top: 352.475px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.962888);" data-canvas-width="376.07196515151514">To develop a mosquito surveillance module to collect mosquito</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 368.991px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04403);" data-canvas-width="391.28481439393937">information testing for West Nile, East Equine Encephalitis (EEE)</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 385.506px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01568);" data-canvas-width="390.37515984848477">and Zika viruses using national standards. To provide a common set</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 402.021px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01092);" data-canvas-width="390.26426060606065">of data for local health departments (LHDs) and state users to report</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 418.536px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01826);" data-canvas-width="390.4678098484849">and share information. To monitor the type of mosquito species that</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 435.051px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0021);" data-canvas-width="81.85487121212121">carry diseases.</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 466.478px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.11811);" data-canvas-width="81.88294696969696">Introduction</div><div style="left: 104.045px; top: 481.294px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.981905);" data-canvas-width="376.7078810606062">There were several stand-alone vector surveillance applications</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 497.809px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.99536);" data-canvas-width="389.6171143939394">being used by the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH)</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 514.324px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.009);" data-canvas-width="390.2305696969695">to support the reporting of mosquito, bird, and mammal surveillance</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 530.839px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.966736);" data-canvas-width="391.31850530303046">and infection information implemented in early 2000s in response</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 547.354px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00463);" data-canvas-width="392.25763939393954">to West Nile virus. In subsequent years, the Electronic Clinical</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 563.869px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02189);" data-canvas-width="393.00164696969705">Laboratory Reporting System (ECLRS) and the Communicable</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 580.385px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.980595);" data-canvas-width="391.6006666666665">Disease Electronic Surveillance System (CDESS) were developed</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 596.9px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.982268);" data-canvas-width="389.45287121212135">and integrated to be used for surveillance and investigations of human</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 613.415px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00203);" data-canvas-width="280.7014242424242">infectious diseases and management of outbreaks.</div><div style="left: 104.045px; top: 629.93px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.984374);" data-canvas-width="376.96617803030284">An integrated vector surveillance system project was proposed</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 646.445px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02394);" data-canvas-width="392.88513257575767">to address the migration of the stand-alone vector surveillance</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 662.96px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00743);" data-canvas-width="392.4120560606064">applications into a streamlined, consolidated solution to support</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 679.476px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02183);" data-canvas-width="390.80050757575754">operational, management, and technical needs by using the national</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 695.991px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00217);" data-canvas-width="362.5843712121211">standards with the existing resources and technical environment.</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 727.418px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.07334);" data-canvas-width="57.70971969696969">Methods</div><div style="left: 104.045px; top: 742.233px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.976762);" data-canvas-width="374.47445454545436">A mosquito surveillance module was designed to link with CDESS,</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 758.748px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.981724);" data-canvas-width="389.15526818181814">an electronic disease case reporting and investigation system, to allow</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 775.263px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.965169);" data-canvas-width="391.58522499999975">LHDs to enter mosquito trap sites and mosquito pool information</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 791.779px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.988588);" data-canvas-width="389.63536363636325">obtained from those traps. The mosquito test results are automatically</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 808.294px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01245);" data-canvas-width="390.4327151515152">transmitted to ECLRS through public health lab Clinical Laboratory</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 824.809px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.996183);" data-canvas-width="389.70695681818177">Information Management System (CLIMS) using ELR standards. By</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 841.324px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.984751);" data-canvas-width="386.3504999999999">utilizing these standards, the ECLRS was enhanced to add a new non-</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 857.839px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.965287);" data-canvas-width="391.6006666666665">human specimen table and existing processes were used to obtain</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 874.354px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.967065);" data-canvas-width="391.38729090909106">mosquito laboratory results and automatically transfer them to the</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 890.869px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00586);" data-canvas-width="390.13791969696973">surveillance system the same way that human results are transferred.</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 907.385px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.993868);" data-canvas-width="392.2632545454546">The new mosquito surveillance module also utilizes the existing</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 923.9px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.963253);" data-canvas-width="391.09670681818153">CDESS reporting module, thereby allowing users the flexibility to</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 940.415px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.975494);" data-canvas-width="391.49819015151513">query and extract data of their choosing. The minimum infection</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 956.93px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.959594);" data-canvas-width="391.4981901515151">rate (MIR) report calculates the number of infected pools with an</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 973.445px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03793);" data-canvas-width="390.9380787878789">arbovirus divided by the total number of specimens tested*1000; a</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 989.96px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.972507);" data-canvas-width="391.83931060606056">trap report shows number of mosquitoes trapped by species type,</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1006.48px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01881);" data-canvas-width="390.47763636363635">location and trap type; and a lab test result report shows the number</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1022.99px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02633);" data-canvas-width="390.7415484848485">of pools that tested positive and the percentage of positive pools by</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1039.51px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00229);" data-canvas-width="44.05086363636363">disease.</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1070.93px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.08498);" data-canvas-width="50.70481818181818">Results</div><div style="left: 104.045px; top: 1085.75px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.963834);" data-canvas-width="376.7626287878788">The mosquito surveillance module was rolled out in May 2016</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1102.26px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.942979);" data-canvas-width="391.05318939393925">to all 57 LHDs. A non-human species lookup table was created to</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1118.78px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03789);" data-canvas-width="390.9394825757574">allow public health lab to report the test results using Health Level</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1135.29px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.950826);" data-canvas-width="391.1065333333335">seven (HL7) v 2.5.1 standards. As of August 31, 2016 there were</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1151.81px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.98364);" data-canvas-width="389.5707893939394">4,545 pools tested. A total of 201 (4.4%) pools were positive for West</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1168.32px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.948073);" data-canvas-width="391.50661287878785">Nile and the MIR was 1.2. There were no pools positive for EEE</div><div style="left: 89.1818px; top: 1184.84px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03373);" data-canvas-width="391.009671969697">or Zika virus. Various reports have been created for monitoring the</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 335.96px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.980771);" data-canvas-width="391.62172348484836">surveillance of mosquitoes trapped and tested for mosquito-borne</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 352.475px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00226);" data-canvas-width="49.511598484848484">diseases.</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 383.903px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: sans-serif; transform: scaleX(1.10288);" data-canvas-width="84.24131060606061">Conclusions</div><div style="left: 520.227px; top: 398.718px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03436);" data-canvas-width="375.93720151515157">The integration of mosquito surveillance module within CDESS</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 415.233px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.979228);" data-canvas-width="389.43883333333326">allows LHDs and the State to monitor mosquito-borne disease activity</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 431.748px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.9901);" data-canvas-width="391.8814242424243">more efficiently. The module also increases NYDOH’s ability to</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 448.263px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.986303);" data-canvas-width="389.32653030303027">provide timely, accurate and consistent information to the local health</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 464.779px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02911);" data-canvas-width="390.70083863636347">departments and healthcare practitioners regarding mosquito-borne</div><div style="left: 505.364px; top: 481.294px; font-size: 14.0379px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00226);" data-canvas-width="49.511598484848484">diseases.</div> ER -